All you need is a Unix like system (real or virtual) that can read the digital disk.
The command dd(1) - convert and copy a file, is a very old Unix command than can be used to create an ISO image of any disks.
- Insert the CD or DVD medium into the machine.
- Unmount the CD-ROM device if mounted automatically:
# umount /dev/cdrom - Create a CD/DVD-ROM ISO image with the dd command:
# dd if=/dev/cdrom of=/tmp/myimage.iso